Section I

Brevity codes

Brevity codes are short words or codes replacing longer phrases on radio traffic. They are codified in NATO ACP-167 and multinational air-ground manuals. Different from prowords (which govern procedure): brevity codes carry operational content. Fluency in the common ones is a prerequisite for working in multinational environments.

Difference from prowords

Prowords (OVER, WILCO, ROGER) govern the procedure of a transmission. Brevity codes (BINGO, SPLASH, TALLY) carry operational information in compressed form. One transmission can carry both.

MIXED EXAMPLE

BRAVO SIX, ALPHA TWO, TALLY ON TARGET, SPLASH IN FIVE, OVER.

ALPHA TWO, BRAVO SIX, ROGER, OUT.

Essential operational list

CodeMeaning
BLACKSettore privo di forze nemiche conosciute
WHITECivili presenti / forze non belligeranti
REDForze nemiche confermate
BLUEForze amiche
GREENForze ucraine (in alcune procedure UA)
YELLOWStatus sconosciuto / da chiarire
BINGOCarburante / munizioni al minimo per rientro
WINCHESTERMunizioni esaurite — non più capacità di ingaggio
JOKERRiserve sotto soglia minima operativa
NAILSMunizioni a salve / vuote
SHACKColpo a segno confermato
SPLASHRound/ordigno in impatto (5 sec dall'arrivo)
IMPACTOrdigno arrivato e detonato
DRYCaricatore esaurito (necessità di ricarica)
MISSColpo mancato
TALLYBersaglio nemico visualmente acquisito
NO JOYBersaglio non acquisito
VISUALForze amiche visualmente acquisite
BLINDSenza visivo (perdita di awareness)
POPEYELimitazione visiva per nubi/meteo
FENCED INSistemi armamento attivati e armati (aviazione)
FENCED OUTSistemi armamento disattivati (post-missione)
NAKEDNessun sistema di self-protection attivo
CHICKS / ANGELSQuota in migliaia di piedi (aviazione)
GUNS GUNS GUNSTiro di cannone in corso
RIFLELancio missile aria-superficie
MAGNUMLancio missile anti-radiazione
FOXLancio missile aria-aria (1=semi-attivo, 2=IR, 3=attivo)
GOALObiettivo raggiunto / missione completata
JINKManovra evasiva immediata
BUSTERVelocità massima

Usage rules

  • Only brevity codes actually known by the net in use
  • Never improvise non-standard codes
  • In multinational environments: validate codes at the initial brief
  • Air-ground codes (CAS) require dedicated JTAC coordination
  • Clear pronunciation, digit-by-digit for any associated numbers

Common mistakes

  • Confusing TALLY (enemy seen) and VISUAL (friendly seen) — reversal costs friendly fire
  • Declaring BINGO too late (past threshold, not at minimum)
  • Using SHACK for any shot instead of confirmed hits
  • Improvising local slang codes absent from the standard
  • Overlaying aviation brevity onto pure infantry context

Lessons learned Ukraine

On the Ukrainian front brevity is used selectively: TALLY, VISUAL, BLIND, SPLASH, BINGO, WINCHESTER are universal. Air-air codes (FOX, MAGNUM) stay in the aviation domain. Volunteer nets benefit from a tight, well-memorised subset — a wrong brevity in contact creates more chaos than value. Knowing 15 codes cold beats knowing 80 badly.